One of necessary operations in order to condition well water or superficial water is the sterilisation / disinfection.
This operation is also called de-inoculation of seeds, because it removes all bacteria, including pathogens.
It
can be carried out in different ways, the most common one includes
additive application of chlorine in the water to be disinfected. A
residual chlorine value at the point of use is requested by current
Italian regulations.
For some waters chlorine disinfection can lead to the creation of chlorine derived elements that can damage health and must be eliminated through active carbon filtration systems.
Other disinfection systems (chlorine dioxide, ozone, UV ray sterilizers etc.) must be studied each time, togheter with pre-treatment sections too (coagulation-filtration) and post treatments according to the general quality of the water to be treated and to the size of the hydraulic capacity.
It is always recommended to create chlorination at the break-point.
In
some applications when ammonia is present, disinfection with
micro-ultra filtration membranes is recommended in some applications.
